The rapid revolution in modern industry has led to a significant increase in waste at the end of the product lifecycle. It is essential to close the loop, secure resources, and join up the circular economy. This book provides a detailed review of extraction techniques for urban mining of precious metals including gold, silver, and the platinum group. The merits and demerits of various extraction methods are highlighted, with possible suggestions for improvements. The feasibility of hybrid extraction techniques, as well as the sustainability and environmental impact of every process, is explored. Offers a comprehensive review of different techniques used in recycling technology for urban mining of precious metals Describes the concept of urban mining and its correlation with circular economy Discusses feasibility of precious metal extraction and urban mines scope and their potential Explains the subject in-context of sustainability while describing chemistry fundamentals and industrial practices Provides technical flow sheets for urban mining of precious metals with diversity of lixiviant This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in extractive metallurgy, hydrometallurgy, chemical engineering, chemistry, and environmental engineering.

This book introduces the growing problem of microplastics pollution in the soil and aquatic environment and its interaction with other chemical pollutants. Further, it provides a detailed review of existing analysis techniques for characterization, separation, and quantification of microplastics including their merits and demerits with possible suggestions. Additionally, the regulatory need and actions for improving the economic and quality of plastic recycling, curbing microplastic littering, and stakeholders, researchers, and recyclers challenges are reviewed comprehensively. Priorities are identified to bridge the knowledge gaps for appropriate management of existing challenges. Features: Provides a comprehensive description of the fate and environmental impact of microplastics, along with various characterization methods Overviews the interaction of microplastics with other toxic chemicals and further their transportation in environment Explains how microplastics enter in environment and its effect on biota and human health Analyses existing analytical techniques for characterization of microplastics Describes societal awareness related to use of plastic and discarding This book focusses on graduate students, researchers in environmental engineering, ecological engineering, chemical and biological engineering, plastics and material sciences/engineering, waste management. materials science.

This book will examine the relevant biological subjects involved in biomimetic microengineering as well as the design and implementation methods of such engineered microdevices. Physiological topics covered include regeneration of complex responses of our body on a cellular, tissue, organ, and inter-organ level. Technological concepts in cell and tissue engineering, stem cell biology, microbiology, biomechanics, materials science, micro- and nanotechnology, and synthetic biology are highlighted to increase understanding of the transdisciplinary methods used to create the more complex, robust biomimetic engineered models. The effectiveness of the new bioinspired microphysiological systems as replacements for existing in vitro or in vivo models is explained through sections that include the protocols to reconstitute three-dimensional (3D) structures, recapitulate physiological functions, and emulate the pathophysiology of human diseases. This book will also discuss how researchers can discover bridge technologies for disease modeling and personalized precision medicine. Features Focuses on cutting edge technologies that enable manipulation of living systems in a spatiotemporal manner. Incorporates research on reverse engineering of comples microenvironmental factors in human diseases. Highlights technologies related to patient-specific personalized medicine and their potential uses. Written by chapter authors who are highly respected researchers in science and engineering. Includes extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study. Hyun Jung Kim is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin. After receiving hois Ph.D. degree at Yonsei University in the Republic of Korea, he did extensive postdctoral research at both the University of Chicago and the Wyss Institute at Harvard University. These efforts resulted in cutting-edge breakthroughs in synthetic microbial community research and organomimetic human Gut-on-a-Chip microsystem. His research on Gut-on-a-Chip technology leads to the creation of a microfluidic device that mimics the physiology and pathology of the living human intestine. Since 2015, he has explored novel human host-microbiome ecosystems to discover the disease mechanism and new therapeutics in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancers at UT Austin. In collaboration with clinicians, his lab is currently developing disease-oriented, patient-specific models for the advancement in pharmaceutical and clinical fields.